A Pandemia da Covid-19 e a Influência em Crianças e Adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista: Uma Revisão Integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53843/bms.v7i10.320Palabras clave:
Transtorno do Espectro Autista, COVID-19, Serviços de teleatendimento, Criança, AdolescenteResumen
Introdução: A pandemia de COVID-19 impôs distanciamento social e interferiu na rotina de crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os impactos da pandemia no público-alvo descrito. Metodologia: Trata-se de revisão integrativa, cuja questão norteadora foi: “Como a pandemia da Covid-19 influenciou o cotidiano das crianças e adolescentes com TEA?”. A busca de artigos foi realizada no primeiro semestre de 2021 nas bases PubMed, BVS, ScienceDirect e Springerlink, com análise inicial de títulos e resumos de modo duplo-cego (Kappa=0,884). Resultados: Após procura nas bases de dados e aplicação de filtros e critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 21 artigos. Os estudos apontaram dificuldades na implementação do uso de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI), falta de suporte por parte de instituições educacionais, aumento na ansiedade, dentre outras. Porém, alguns trabalhos identificaram melhoras no desenvolvimento das crianças e adolescentes com tais transtornos. Uma das estratégias usadas para contornar a situação foi o teleatendimento para a manutenção de terapias. Discussão: A pandemia gerou impacto na vida das jovens com TEA e o isolamento social piorou as dificuldades já existentes. A melhoria no desenvolvimento de alguns indivíduos foi constatada, sendo isso atribuído à maior integração familiar. A adaptação da rotina por meio da tecnologia para estudos, comunicação com familiares e acesso a tratamentos mostrou-se útil, embora as necessidades nem sempre sejam atendidas e verifique-se a presença de dificuldades financeiras, atrapalhando a continuidade dos planos terapêuticos. A situação pandêmica também é piorada devido à sobrecarga dos cuidadores e à dificuldade da implementação do uso de EPIs. Conclusão: A pandemia impactou a rotina das crianças e adolescentes com TEA, trazendo a necessidade de adaptação por meio do uso de tecnologias e adequação de rotina.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Davi Martins Ferreira Lima, Ana Vitória Romualdo de França, Maria Vitória Moreira Dantas, Vanessa de Oliveira e Silva, Vinícius Almeida da Nóbrega, Ana Janaina Jeanine Martins de Lemos-Jordão
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