ANALYSIS OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF BARRETT'S ESOPHAGUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53843/bms.v10i14.711Keywords:
Neoplasias EsofágicasAbstract
Introdução: A condição conhecida como Esôfago de Barrett (EB) é caracterizada pela presença de mucosa colunar no segmento inferior do esôfago, detectável através da Endoscopia Gastrointestinal Alta (EGIE). Este estado representa um estágio avançado da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE) e é considerado um fator de risco significativo para o desenvolvimento de adenocarcinoma de esôfago (CAE). Metodologia: Foi realizada análise bibliográfica de 58 artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2023, abordando temas como definição, fisiopatologia, fatores de risco, epidemiologia, manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamento e complicações relacionadas ao EB. Resultados e Discussão: Estima-se que indivíduos com BE tenham um risco 30 a 125 vezes maior de desenvolver Adenocarcinoma de Esôfago (EAC). Uma das características distintivas do EB é a alteração do tipo epitelial, conferindo-lhe semelhança com o epitélio gástrico, incluindo células caliciformes. Esta alteração sustentada durante um período prolongado cria um ambiente propício para mutações genéticas e epigenéticas, incluindo aquelas no gene TP53, frequentemente observadas nos estágios iniciais da EAC. Conclusão: A abordagem abrangente delineada neste artigo fornece conhecimento esclarecedor aos profissionais de saúde, proporcionando-lhes uma compreensão profunda sobre a compreensão, diagnóstico e tratamento do EB.
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