Physical and psychosocial impacts in women post-mastectomy: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53843/bms.v10i14.529Keywords:
Mastectomy, Rehabilitation, PsychologyAbstract
Introduction: The mastectomy is a procedure largely used to promote local control of carcinoma, although the breast amputation can negatively affect women's self-esteem, the functionality of their body and their sexuality. From this perspective, the importance of the rehabilitation process for these women is evident and should involve physiotherapeutic and psychological follow-up. Objective: To evaluate the main physiological and psychosocial repercussions of mastectomy. Methodology: The present study is an Integrative Literature Review, in which 20 scientific articles were qualitatively analyzed regarding updates on the physical and psychological repercussions reported by women after mastectomy derived from breast cancer. Results: After searching the databases, applying filters and inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 articles were selected. Mastectomized women suffered from sequelae in all the works analyzed, affecting the quality of life of this group. Discussion: Impairment of physical functionality is observed in mastectomized patients, often associated with pain that develops after the operation, as well as subsequent chronic disability. In the psychosocial aspect, there were problems related to self-image distortion, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, changes in range of motion and pain in the upper limbs, which may be associated with iatrogenesis and lack of effective surgical planning. Conclusion: Despite being an effective method for the removal of local malignant neoplasms, mastectomy is an aggressive procedure, capable of causing severe sequelae for women, not only because of its mutilating nature, but also because of the other physical and psychosocial changes that this operation might entail. In view of this, the present study denotes the need for assertive planning, with the aim of mitigating the losses suffered by post-mastectomy women, both in the physical and emotional spheres.
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