Gonads of individuals with ovotesticular disorder of sex development: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53843/bms.v8i11.528Keywords:
Gonads, Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development, Sex CharacteristicsAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Ovotesticular disorder of sex development (ovotesticular DSD) is determined when both testicular and ovarian tissue are detected in the same individual. Laparoscopy associated with histological examination confirms the components of the gonads, being fundamental to the final decision of gender assignment and to rule out the presence of gonadal tumors. Thus, this study aims to analyze the variations of gonads in individuals with ovotesticular DDS and their clinical implications in humans. METHODOLOGY: It is a systematic review of articles indexed in the SciELO, Pubmed and Latindex databases from May to June 2022. Original articles involving the gonad variations presented in humans with ovotesticular DDS were included. Histological analysis and determination of the location of the gonads were considered for this study. Screening was performed by two independent reviewers. RESULTS: Thirty-four articles were selected, characterized as to sample and main results in a table. The articles were critically analyzed using an interpretation guide, used to evaluate their individual quality, and the results are described in another table. DISCUSSION: The most common gonad was ovotestis (49.4%), followed by ovary (31.1%) and testis (19.5%). The most frequent gonad combinations observed were ovary and testis (30.5%) and bilateral ovotestis (25%). Gonadal tumors were reported in 6 samples (7.2%): 3 seminomas (3.6%), 1 dysgerminoma (1.2%), 1 gonadoblastoma (1.2%) and 1 choriocarcinoma (1.2%). Cytogenetic analysis showed the highest prevalence of the 46.XX karyotype, found in 50 individuals of the sample (60.24%). CONCLUSION: The knowledge of the possible variations of this structure, which can impact the process of gender assignment and demand surgical interventions, is essential.
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