Hospitalization and mortality rates due to stroke in the pediatric population: An ecological study
Hospitalization and mortality rates due to stroke in the pediatric population: An ecological study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53843/bms.v9i13.721Keywords:
Stroke, Adolescent, Child, Epidemiology, Central Nervous SystemAbstract
Abstract
Introduction: Stroke is a disease that has been understudied in the pediatric age group. However, it has incidence rates that increase with age and is therefore classified as one of the 10 leading causes of death in children, with predominance of children under one year. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the trend of hospitalization and mortality rates due to pediatric stroke in the Brazilian population. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study using secondary data from the SUS Hospital Information System from 2013-2022. The number of hospitalizations and deaths from stroke in the population aged 0-19 years were included, excluding ignored or blank records. Variables used were age group, gender, year of death and Brazilian regions. Results: There were 8,947 hospitalizations and 650 deaths from stroke in pediatric patients in this period. The Northeast and South had the highest hospitalization rates, while the Northeast had the highest mortality rates. A majority of strokes occurred between the ages of 15-19 and there were more male hospitalizations due to stroke. Deaths were also more frequent in males, except in the Central-West region. Discussion: There was an increase in stroke hospitalizations in young Brazilians, defying the previous downward trend. This increase may be attributed to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to healthcare. In comparison, previous studies have shown a decline in stroke mortality rates in the country, suggesting improvements in the treatment and prevention. Conclusions: The present study indicates a recent increase in hospitalizations for stroke the pediatric population. It highlights the need for strategies to reduce regional disparities and improve access to and quality of healthcare for this population. Limitations of the study include the underreporting cases and the difficulty of establishing causal relationships, pointing to the need for further research to understand the reasons behind the increase in rates after 2019.
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